Editing William Casey

William Joseph Casey was born on March 13, 1913, in Elmhurst, Queens, New York, to William J. Casey Sr., a sanitation department official, and Blanche La Vigne, a homemaker. Growing up in a working-class Irish Catholic family, Casey displayed early ambition and intellectual curiosity. He attended **Fordham University**, earning a bachelor’s degree in 1934, and later studied law at **St. John’s University**, completing his J.D. in 1937. Admitted to the New York Bar, he briefly practiced law before his career took a sharp turn toward intelligence and public service, driven by a fervent anti-communism that would define his life.

During World War II, Casey joined the **Office of Strategic Services (OSS)** in 1943, the precursor to the CIA, recruited by OSS chief **William “Wild Bill” Donovan**. Assigned to the Secret Intelligence Branch in London, he rose to chief of special intelligence for Europe, coordinating espionage and sabotage operations behind Nazi lines. His work with French Resistance networks and German double agents honed his covert skills, earning him the **Bronze Star** for orchestrating intelligence networks across occupied Europe. Casey’s OSS experience, detailed in *The Secret War Against Hitler* (1988), shaped his lifelong belief in clandestine operations as a tool for national security.

After the war, Casey returned to New York, leveraging his OSS contacts to build a successful career in law, business, and publishing. He co-founded the **Research Institute of America**, a business advisory firm, and amassed wealth through investments in oil, real estate, and venture capital, notably as a founding director of **Capital Cities Communications**. His legal work included tax law, and he authored books like *Tax Sheltered Investments* (1952), cementing his reputation as a financial strategist. Politically active, Casey served as counsel to the **New York State Republican Committee** and ran unsuccessfully for Congress in 1966, aligning with the conservative wing of the GOP.

Casey’s return to public service came under President **Richard Nixon**. In 1971, he was appointed chairman of the **Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)**, where he cracked down on insider trading and strengthened market regulations, earning praise for restoring investor confidence post-Watergate. From 1973 to 1974, he served as **Under Secretary of State for Economic Affairs**, negotiating trade agreements and advocating for U.S. economic interests. In 1976, President **Gerald Ford** named him to the **President’s Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board**, deepening his intelligence ties.

Casey’s most consequential role came under President **Ronald Reagan**, who appointed him **Director of Central Intelligence (DCI)** in January 1981, serving until May 1987. As DCI, Casey revitalized the CIA, which he believed had been weakened by post-Watergate reforms and President **Jimmy Carter**’s policies. Granted cabinet rank, a rarity for a DCI, he pursued an aggressive anti-communist agenda, expanding covert operations against the Soviet Union and its allies. His tenure saw increased funding for the CIA, from $1.5 billion to $3 billion annually, and a focus on paramilitary actions, intelligence gathering, and psychological warfare.

Casey’s major initiatives included supporting the **Afghan Mujahideen** against Soviet forces in Afghanistan (Operation Cyclone), funneling $3–5 billion in aid through Pakistan’s ISI, and arming anti-communist insurgencies in Nicaragua (Contras), Angola (UNITA), and Cambodia. His covert programs, often bypassing congressional oversight, reflected his OSS-honed belief in decisive action. Casey’s strategy also involved disinformation campaigns, such as planting false stories in foreign media to destabilize adversaries, and strengthening ties with allied intelligence services, including Israel’s Mossad and Britain’s MI6.

The **Iran-Contra Affair** marked the nadir of Casey’s tenure. Beginning in 1985, the Reagan administration secretly sold arms to Iran, violating an embargo, to secure the release of American hostages in Lebanon. Profits were diverted to fund Nicaragua’s Contras, circumventing the **Boland Amendment**, which banned such aid. Casey, implicated in orchestrating the scheme with **Oliver North** and **John Poindexter**, denied direct involvement but acknowledged broad oversight of Contra support. Declassified documents, cited in *Firewall* by Lawrence E. Walsh, show Casey’s memos urging Reagan to approve arms sales and his role in creating a covert “off-the-shelf” network for deniable operations. The scandal, exposed in 1986, led to congressional hearings and tarnished Casey’s legacy.

Casey’s health deteriorated amid Iran-Contra scrutiny. Diagnosed with a brain tumor in December 1986, he resigned on January 29, 1987, and died on May 6, 1987, at age 74 in Glen Cove, New York, before testifying fully. His death fueled conspiracy theories, with some, like *The Nation* (1987), speculating assassination to silence him, though medical records confirm a glioblastoma. Casey was buried at **Holy Rood Cemetery** in Westbury, New York, survived by his wife, **Sophia McLarnon**, whom he married in 1941, and their daughter, **Bernadette**.

==Connection to Operation Gladio==
[[Operation Gladi]] was a covert NATO program, initiated in the late 1940s, to establish “stay-behind” networks in Western Europe to counter a potential Soviet invasion through guerrilla warfare and sabotage. Coordinated by NATO’s **Clandestine Planning Committee** and funded partly by the CIA, Gladio involved training anti-communist operatives, stockpiling weapons, and, in some cases, alleged ties to far-right groups implicated in “strategy of tension” attacks, like Italy’s 1980 Bologna bombing, per *NATO’s Secret Armies* by Daniele Ganser.

Casey’s connection to Gladio is indirect but plausible, rooted in his OSS background and DCI role. During World War II, Casey’s OSS work with European resistance groups, particularly in France and Italy, prefigured Gladio’s structure, as OSS veterans like **Allen Dulles** helped establish stay-behind networks post-war. As DCI (1981–1987), Casey oversaw CIA support for anti-communist operations in Europe, including funding for Gladio-linked groups, though no declassified documents explicitly name him in Gladio’s operations. A 1990 Italian parliamentary report on Gladio notes CIA involvement in Italy’s network, with funds channeled through the **Propaganda Due (P2)** Masonic lodge, which Casey likely monitored given his focus on Italian communism.

Casey’s broader anti-communist strategy aligned with Gladio’s objectives. His support for covert operations in Europe, such as backing Poland’s **Solidarity** movement and disinformation against the Soviet-aligned Italian Communist Party (PCI), complemented Gladio’s aim of countering leftist influence. The CIA’s **Radio Free Europe**, expanded under Casey, worked alongside Gladio’s psychological warfare efforts. However, claims by Ganser and X posts (@jimstewartson) of Casey directly managing Gladio or orchestrating false-flag attacks lack primary evidence, relying on his general oversight of covert programs.

==Connections==
[[Operation Condor]]: Casey was not DCI during Condor’s peak (1975–1983), but his predecessors’ CIA support for Condor regimes (e.g., Chile’s Pinochet) set precedents he continued. His backing of Argentina’s junta during the **Falklands War** (1982), per *The Pinochet File* by Peter Kornbluh, and use of **Crypto AG** devices to monitor Latin American militaries, align with Condor’s legacy, though no records tie him to [[Condortel]] or [[Colonia Dignidad]].

[[School of the Americas (SOA)]]: Casey’s CIA funded SOA training for Latin American officers, including those involved in Central American counterinsurgencies (e.g., El Salvador), but he had no direct role in its management.

[[Brazilian Advanced War College]] (ESG): The ESG’s anti-communist doctrine paralleled Casey’s policies, but no evidence connects him to the institution.

[[Colonia Dignidad]]: No primary sources link Casey to the Chilean cult, though his CIA’s support for Pinochet’s regime indirectly bolstered DINA’s operations, including at the colony.

==Critical Perspective= 
Mainstream sources, like *The New York Times* (1987) and *Veil* by Bob Woodward, portray Casey as a brilliant but reckless DCI whose anti-communism drove CIA resurgence but led to Iran-Contra’s excesses. They downplay Gladio ties, focusing on his Soviet-focused operations. Alternative narratives, including X posts (@Aaron_Good_) and *The Devil’s Chessboard* by David Talbot, depict Casey as a mastermind of global conspiracies, linking him to Gladio, Condor, and even JFK assassination theories, but these lack archival support, exaggerating his role beyond documented actions. A skeptical view sees Casey as a Cold War zealot whose OSS experience shaped his aggressive covert strategy, indirectly supporting Gladio and Condor’s frameworks through CIA funding and anti-communist alliances, but not as a direct operator. Primary sources (National Security Archive, Walsh’s Iran-Contra report) confirm his Iran-Contra and Afghan roles but are silent on Gladio specifics, limited by redactions.

==Conclusion= 
William Casey’s life, from OSS spymaster to Reagan’s DCI, was defined by a relentless fight against communism, culminating in a transformative but controversial CIA tenure. His wealth, built through law and business, and political ties to the GOP elite, enabled his rise, but Iran-Contra marred his legacy. 

His connection to [[Operation Gladio]] is indirect, tied to his OSS roots and CIA support for European anti-communist networks, with no evidence of direct management. Ties to **Condor**, **SOA**, **ESG**, **Colonia Dignidad**, and **Crypto AG** are tangential, reflecting his broader anti-communist agenda.